Tornadoes in China mostly happen in coastal areas such as the Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta. However, at present China’s research on these aspects, especially pertaining to the complicated factors associated with tornado casualties, is basically non-existent. That receipt of tornado warnings can reduce casualties. Staying outside increased the injury risk, and basement of a house was a protective measure for residents. However, sturdy shelter decreased the injury risk.
Building with windows, or made by wood, or mobile car-house increased the injury risk. Research shows that the majority of casualties are caused by the collapse of buildings and blunt force trauma from heavy objects. Having safe helmet or car seats was a protective measure for children. There are few studies on disaster avoidance behaviors, and there are controversies about the impact of fleeing by motor vehicle on injuries.
Female was thought to be more vulnerable to injury. Maybe it is because their body is weaker and their movement ability is worse. For example, some studies argue that old people are more vulnerable to injury in tornadoes. Īt present, the research on the causes of the injuries and deaths caused by tornadoes mainly focuses on demographic factors, individual behaviors, architectural factors, and early warning information. More than 30 houses collapsed, more than 2000 households were affected, and 1238 people were relocated. This tornado affected 4 villages in 2 townships, causing 5 deaths and leaving 58 wounded. In the afternoon on August 11, 2017, a Fujita 3 (F-3, which is similar to EF-3) tornado hit Keshiketeng County and Wengniute County in Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia (Fig. This tornado was one of the largest disasters in recent decades in Jiangsu Province, and the deadliest tornado in China in nearly half a century. In total, 29,371 houses, 2 primary schools, and 8 factories were damaged more than 50,000 people were directly affected by the tornado. The tornado affected 7 townships and 22 villages, resulting in 99 deaths and 846 wounded. In the afternoon on June 23, 2016, an Enhanced Fujita 4 (EF-4) tornado tore through Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province, east China, with highest speed of 266 km/h (Enhanced Fujita scale categories for tornadoes range from 0 to 5, with the strongest being 5) (Fig. Recent years, two violent tornadoes struck China, which caused massive loss of life and economic damage (Fig. Between 19, over 4115 deaths and 70,063 injuries were reported as directly related to tornadic storms in the United States, with over 20 trillion US dollars’ worth of tornado-related damage.
Tornadoes are amongst the deadliest natural disasters and pose a major threat to worldwide public health. Victims should participate in disaster prevention drills to take effective disaster avoidance actions. The government should improve the wind-resistance of residential buildings. Our study clarifies risk factors and is conducive to the expansion of the investigation in tornado casualties. Whether victims were indoors or not has no statistical difference on injuries in China. Differences in tornado disaster drill awareness ( P = 0.009), individual behaviors ( P = 0.011) and fear level ( P = 0.011) significantly affected the incidence of trauma. ResultsĪ total of 94 valid questionnaires (participation rate 95.9%) were finally collected in Yancheng tornado and 67 valid questionnaires (participation rate 93.1%) in Chifeng tornado. Chi-square test and binary logistic regression were used to analyze influencing factor of injuries. The information of demographic characteristics, disaster environment, and individual behaviors in victims was collected. MethodsĪ random sampling questionnaire survey was developed and distributed to tornado victims from two separate occurrences: an Enhanced Fujita 4 tornado in Yancheng, and a Fujita 3 tornado in Chifeng. The study aims to analyze the characteristics and causes of tornado injuries in China under certain humanistic and geographical conditions. As extremely violent meteorological disasters, tornadoes often cause serious casualties.
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